Tyche на подходе:)

Up telescope! Search begins for giant new planet

Tyche may be bigger than Jupiter and orbit at the outer edge of the solar system

By Paul Rodgers   Sunday 13 February 201

Если вы выросли, думая, что были девять планет, и были потрясены, когда Плутон был понижен в должности пять лет назад, приготовьтесь к еще один сюрприз. Там, может быть, девять, после всего, и Юпитер может не быть самым большим.

The hunt is on for a gas giant up to four times the mass of Jupiter thought to be lurking in the outer Oort Cloud, the most remote region of the solar system. The orbit of Tyche (pronounced ty-kee), would be 15,000 times farther from the Sun than the Earth's, and 375 times farther than Pluto's, which is why it hasn't been seen so far.

But scientists now believe the proof of its existence has already been gathered by a Nasa space telescope, Wise, and is just waiting to be analysed.

The first tranche of data is to be released in April, and astrophysicists John Matese and Daniel Whitmire from the University of Louisiana at Lafayette think it will reveal Tyche within two years. "If it does, John and I will be doing cartwheels," Professor Whitmire said. "And that's not easy at our age."

Once Tyche has been located, other telescopes could be pointed at it to confirm the discovery.

Whether it would become the new ninth planet would be decided by the International Astronomical Union (IAU). The main argument against is that Tyche probably formed around another star and was later captured by the Sun's gravitational field. The IAU may choose to create a whole new category for Tyche, Professor Matese said.

The IAU would also have the final say about the gas giant's name. To the Greeks, Tyche was the goddess responsible for the destiny of cities. Her name was provisionally chosen in reference to an earlier hypothesis, now largely abandoned, that the Sun might be part of a binary star system with a dim companion, tentatively called Nemesis, that was thought responsible for mass extinctions on Earth. In myth, Tyche was the good sister of Nemesis.

Tyche will almost certainly be made up mostly of hydrogen and helium and will probably have an atmosphere much like Jupiter's, with colourful spots and bands and clouds, Professor Whitmire said. "You'd also expect it to have moons. All the outer planets have them," he added.

What will make it stand out in the Wise data is its temperature, predicted to be around -73C, four or five times warmer than Pluto. "The heat is left over from its formation," Professor Whitmire said. "It takes an object this size a long time to cool off."

Most of the billions of objects in the Oort Cloud – a sphere one light year in radius stretching a quarter of the distance to Alpha Centauri, the brightest star in the southern constellation – are lumps of dirty ice at temperatures much closer to absolute zero (-273C).

A few of these are dislodged from their orbits by the galactic tide – the combined gravitational pull from the billions of stars towards the centre of the Milky Way – and start the long fall into the inner solar system.

As these long-period comets get closer to the Sun, some of the ice boils off, forming the characteristic tails that make them visible.

Professors Matese and Whitmire first proposed the existence of Tyche to explain why many of these long-period comets were coming from the wrong direction. In their latest paper, published in the February issue of Icarus, the international journal of solar system studies, they report that more than 20 per cent too many of the long-period comets observed since 1898 arrive from a band circling the sky at a higher angle than predicted by the galactic-tide theory.

No other proposal has been put forward to explain this anomaly since it was first suggested 12 years ago. But the Tyche hypothesis does have one flaw. Conventional theory holds that the gas giant should also dislodge comets from the inner Oort Cloud, but these have not been observed.

Professor Matese suggests this may be because these comets have already been tugged out of their orbits and, after several passes through the inner solar system, have faded to the point that they are much harder to detect.

So if it is real, Tyche may not only be disrupting the orbits of comets, it may also overturn an established scientific theory.

You can download a PDF showing the position of Tyche by clicking here
http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/up-telescope-search-begins-for-giant-new-planet-2213119.html

Tyche на подходе:)

Up telescope! Search begins for giant new planet

Tyche may be bigger than Jupiter and orbit at the outer edge of the solar system

By Paul Rodgers   Sunday 13 February 201

Если вы выросли, думая, что были девять планет, и были потрясены, когда Плутон был понижен в должности пять лет назад, приготовьтесь к еще один сюрприз. Там, может быть, девять, после всего, и Юпитер может не быть самым большим.

The hunt is on for a gas giant up to four times the mass of Jupiter thought to be lurking in the outer Oort Cloud, the most remote region of the solar system. The orbit of Tyche (pronounced ty-kee), would be 15,000 times farther from the Sun than the Earth's, and 375 times farther than Pluto's, which is why it hasn't been seen so far.

But scientists now believe the proof of its existence has already been gathered by a Nasa space telescope, Wise, and is just waiting to be analysed.

The first tranche of data is to be released in April, and astrophysicists John Matese and Daniel Whitmire from the University of Louisiana at Lafayette think it will reveal Tyche within two years. "If it does, John and I will be doing cartwheels," Professor Whitmire said. "And that's not easy at our age."

Once Tyche has been located, other telescopes could be pointed at it to confirm the discovery.

Whether it would become the new ninth planet would be decided by the International Astronomical Union (IAU). The main argument against is that Tyche probably formed around another star and was later captured by the Sun's gravitational field. The IAU may choose to create a whole new category for Tyche, Professor Matese said.

The IAU would also have the final say about the gas giant's name. To the Greeks, Tyche was the goddess responsible for the destiny of cities. Her name was provisionally chosen in reference to an earlier hypothesis, now largely abandoned, that the Sun might be part of a binary star system with a dim companion, tentatively called Nemesis, that was thought responsible for mass extinctions on Earth. In myth, Tyche was the good sister of Nemesis.

Tyche will almost certainly be made up mostly of hydrogen and helium and will probably have an atmosphere much like Jupiter's, with colourful spots and bands and clouds, Professor Whitmire said. "You'd also expect it to have moons. All the outer planets have them," he added.

What will make it stand out in the Wise data is its temperature, predicted to be around -73C, four or five times warmer than Pluto. "The heat is left over from its formation," Professor Whitmire said. "It takes an object this size a long time to cool off."

Most of the billions of objects in the Oort Cloud – a sphere one light year in radius stretching a quarter of the distance to Alpha Centauri, the brightest star in the southern constellation – are lumps of dirty ice at temperatures much closer to absolute zero (-273C).

A few of these are dislodged from their orbits by the galactic tide – the combined gravitational pull from the billions of stars towards the centre of the Milky Way – and start the long fall into the inner solar system.

As these long-period comets get closer to the Sun, some of the ice boils off, forming the characteristic tails that make them visible.

Professors Matese and Whitmire first proposed the existence of Tyche to explain why many of these long-period comets were coming from the wrong direction. In their latest paper, published in the February issue of Icarus, the international journal of solar system studies, they report that more than 20 per cent too many of the long-period comets observed since 1898 arrive from a band circling the sky at a higher angle than predicted by the galactic-tide theory.

No other proposal has been put forward to explain this anomaly since it was first suggested 12 years ago. But the Tyche hypothesis does have one flaw. Conventional theory holds that the gas giant should also dislodge comets from the inner Oort Cloud, but these have not been observed.

Professor Matese suggests this may be because these comets have already been tugged out of their orbits and, after several passes through the inner solar system, have faded to the point that they are much harder to detect.

So if it is real, Tyche may not only be disrupting the orbits of comets, it may also overturn an established scientific theory.

You can download a PDF showing the position of Tyche by clicking here
http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/up-telescope-search-begins-for-giant-new-planet-2213119.html

Tyche на подходе:)

Up telescope! Search begins for giant new planet

Tyche may be bigger than Jupiter and orbit at the outer edge of the solar system

By Paul Rodgers   Sunday 13 February 201

Если вы выросли, думая, что были девять планет, и были потрясены, когда Плутон был понижен в должности пять лет назад, приготовьтесь к еще один сюрприз. Там, может быть, девять, после всего, и Юпитер может не быть самым большим.

The hunt is on for a gas giant up to four times the mass of Jupiter thought to be lurking in the outer Oort Cloud, the most remote region of the solar system. The orbit of Tyche (pronounced ty-kee), would be 15,000 times farther from the Sun than the Earth's, and 375 times farther than Pluto's, which is why it hasn't been seen so far.

But scientists now believe the proof of its existence has already been gathered by a Nasa space telescope, Wise, and is just waiting to be analysed.

The first tranche of data is to be released in April, and astrophysicists John Matese and Daniel Whitmire from the University of Louisiana at Lafayette think it will reveal Tyche within two years. "If it does, John and I will be doing cartwheels," Professor Whitmire said. "And that's not easy at our age."

Once Tyche has been located, other telescopes could be pointed at it to confirm the discovery.

Whether it would become the new ninth planet would be decided by the International Astronomical Union (IAU). The main argument against is that Tyche probably formed around another star and was later captured by the Sun's gravitational field. The IAU may choose to create a whole new category for Tyche, Professor Matese said.

The IAU would also have the final say about the gas giant's name. To the Greeks, Tyche was the goddess responsible for the destiny of cities. Her name was provisionally chosen in reference to an earlier hypothesis, now largely abandoned, that the Sun might be part of a binary star system with a dim companion, tentatively called Nemesis, that was thought responsible for mass extinctions on Earth. In myth, Tyche was the good sister of Nemesis.

Tyche will almost certainly be made up mostly of hydrogen and helium and will probably have an atmosphere much like Jupiter's, with colourful spots and bands and clouds, Professor Whitmire said. "You'd also expect it to have moons. All the outer planets have them," he added.

What will make it stand out in the Wise data is its temperature, predicted to be around -73C, four or five times warmer than Pluto. "The heat is left over from its formation," Professor Whitmire said. "It takes an object this size a long time to cool off."

Most of the billions of objects in the Oort Cloud – a sphere one light year in radius stretching a quarter of the distance to Alpha Centauri, the brightest star in the southern constellation – are lumps of dirty ice at temperatures much closer to absolute zero (-273C).

A few of these are dislodged from their orbits by the galactic tide – the combined gravitational pull from the billions of stars towards the centre of the Milky Way – and start the long fall into the inner solar system.

As these long-period comets get closer to the Sun, some of the ice boils off, forming the characteristic tails that make them visible.

Professors Matese and Whitmire first proposed the existence of Tyche to explain why many of these long-period comets were coming from the wrong direction. In their latest paper, published in the February issue of Icarus, the international journal of solar system studies, they report that more than 20 per cent too many of the long-period comets observed since 1898 arrive from a band circling the sky at a higher angle than predicted by the galactic-tide theory.

No other proposal has been put forward to explain this anomaly since it was first suggested 12 years ago. But the Tyche hypothesis does have one flaw. Conventional theory holds that the gas giant should also dislodge comets from the inner Oort Cloud, but these have not been observed.

Professor Matese suggests this may be because these comets have already been tugged out of their orbits and, after several passes through the inner solar system, have faded to the point that they are much harder to detect.

So if it is real, Tyche may not only be disrupting the orbits of comets, it may also overturn an established scientific theory.

You can download a PDF showing the position of Tyche by clicking here
http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/up-telescope-search-begins-for-giant-new-planet-2213119.html

Обращение С.Е.Кургиняна после митинга на ВДНХ

Обращение С.Е.Кургиняна после митинга на ВДНХ

by ECC TV

Thu, Feb 23, 2012 4:48pm EST (Eastern Standard Time)

Обращение С.Е.Кургиняна после митинга на ВДНХ from ECC TV on Vimeo.

Обращение С.Е.Кургиняна после митинга на ВДНХ

Обращение С.Е.Кургиняна после митинга на ВДНХ

by ECC TV

Thu, Feb 23, 2012 4:48pm EST (Eastern Standard Time)

Обращение С.Е.Кургиняна после митинга на ВДНХ from ECC TV on Vimeo.

Обращение С.Е.Кургиняна после митинга на ВДНХ

Обращение С.Е.Кургиняна после митинга на ВДНХ

by ECC TV

Thu, Feb 23, 2012 4:48pm EST (Eastern Standard Time)

Обращение С.Е.Кургиняна после митинга на ВДНХ from ECC TV on Vimeo.

Лазерный радар освещает путь в глубокий космос

Laser radar illuminates the way to deep space by Staff Writers Paris, France (ESA) Feb 23, 2012 Jena-Optronik prototype lidar, optimised for rendezvous and docking applications. Credits: ESA/Jena-Optronik. This car was not snapped with a camera but scanned by a 3D imaging lidar, the laser equivalent of radar. ESA is developing the sensor as a navigation aid for exploring deep space. Lidar stands for 'light detection and ranging', with a pulsed laser beam scanning targets by measuring the time it takes for the light to bounce back. The wavelength of light is so much shorter than that of radio waves - measured in billionths of a metre rather than centimetres - so lidar gives much more precise measurements. Laser ranging is already used for rendezvous and docking in orbit. When ESA's ATV cargo ferry docks with the International Space Station it bounces laser beams off reflectors on the orbital outpost to judge the distance to within a couple of centimetres. For missions deeper into our Solar System, ESA hopes to use 3D imaging lidar to build up a complete picture of targets such as a boulder-strewn surface. This would be like a stereoscopic imager but it would also work in total darkness or blinding sunlight. "The 3D imaging lidar we've been working on has three main potential applications," explains Joao Pereira Do Carmo, overseeing the project for ESA. "The first is for the guidance, navigation and control of planetary landers, in particular in selecting a safe landing site. "The second is for steering rovers on planetary surfaces, and the third is for docking in planetary orbit. That would be essential for the proposed Mars Sample Return Mission, for example, when the ascent module carrying material off the martian surface will have to be tracked and captured by its mother craft waiting in orbit. "Terrestrial imaging lidars already exist, typically used for scanning buildings or industrial sites, but they are much too bulky for use in space. "The challenge is to produce a new class of imaging lidar, much smaller and needing less power." Reflecting the technical difficulties involved, separate designs were developed in parallel by two consortia, one led by Jena-Optronik in Jena, Germany and the other by ABSL in Culham, UK. The shoebox-sized imaging lidars rely on a steerable scan mirror that flicks the laser beam across the target, with a highly sensitive light detector capable of measuring the returning beams from up to several kilometres away. The two designs aim at different guidance and navigation applications. The German-led unit demonstrates a future rendezvous sensor, while the British-led design is intended to help a lander touch down safely on a planet, detecting and avoiding hazards. The Imaging Lidar Technology project was supported through ESA's Basic Technology Research Programme aimed at prototyping promising new engineering concepts. Building on this progress, a landing lidar is now being designed for ESA's Lunar Lander, planned to touch down at the lunar south pole in 2019. The engineers are also looking at ways of making the lidars even smaller perhaps by using new types of detectors and micro-mechanical optical mirrors. "It is expected that we can reduce the mass and power consumptions of current commercial imaging lidar systems by at least 70%," Joao concludes. Related Links ABSL Power Jena Optronik Space Technology News - Applications and Research

http://www.spacemart.com/reports/Laser_radar_illuminates_the_way_to_deep_space_999.html

http://www.esa.int/esaCP/SEMXQLWX7YG_index_0.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_Electronically_Scanned_Array

Лазерный радар освещает путь в глубокий космос

Laser radar illuminates the way to deep space by Staff Writers Paris, France (ESA) Feb 23, 2012 Jena-Optronik prototype lidar, optimised for rendezvous and docking applications. Credits: ESA/Jena-Optronik. This car was not snapped with a camera but scanned by a 3D imaging lidar, the laser equivalent of radar. ESA is developing the sensor as a navigation aid for exploring deep space. Lidar stands for 'light detection and ranging', with a pulsed laser beam scanning targets by measuring the time it takes for the light to bounce back. The wavelength of light is so much shorter than that of radio waves - measured in billionths of a metre rather than centimetres - so lidar gives much more precise measurements. Laser ranging is already used for rendezvous and docking in orbit. When ESA's ATV cargo ferry docks with the International Space Station it bounces laser beams off reflectors on the orbital outpost to judge the distance to within a couple of centimetres. For missions deeper into our Solar System, ESA hopes to use 3D imaging lidar to build up a complete picture of targets such as a boulder-strewn surface. This would be like a stereoscopic imager but it would also work in total darkness or blinding sunlight. "The 3D imaging lidar we've been working on has three main potential applications," explains Joao Pereira Do Carmo, overseeing the project for ESA. "The first is for the guidance, navigation and control of planetary landers, in particular in selecting a safe landing site. "The second is for steering rovers on planetary surfaces, and the third is for docking in planetary orbit. That would be essential for the proposed Mars Sample Return Mission, for example, when the ascent module carrying material off the martian surface will have to be tracked and captured by its mother craft waiting in orbit. "Terrestrial imaging lidars already exist, typically used for scanning buildings or industrial sites, but they are much too bulky for use in space. "The challenge is to produce a new class of imaging lidar, much smaller and needing less power." Reflecting the technical difficulties involved, separate designs were developed in parallel by two consortia, one led by Jena-Optronik in Jena, Germany and the other by ABSL in Culham, UK. The shoebox-sized imaging lidars rely on a steerable scan mirror that flicks the laser beam across the target, with a highly sensitive light detector capable of measuring the returning beams from up to several kilometres away. The two designs aim at different guidance and navigation applications. The German-led unit demonstrates a future rendezvous sensor, while the British-led design is intended to help a lander touch down safely on a planet, detecting and avoiding hazards. The Imaging Lidar Technology project was supported through ESA's Basic Technology Research Programme aimed at prototyping promising new engineering concepts. Building on this progress, a landing lidar is now being designed for ESA's Lunar Lander, planned to touch down at the lunar south pole in 2019. The engineers are also looking at ways of making the lidars even smaller perhaps by using new types of detectors and micro-mechanical optical mirrors. "It is expected that we can reduce the mass and power consumptions of current commercial imaging lidar systems by at least 70%," Joao concludes. Related Links ABSL Power Jena Optronik Space Technology News - Applications and Research

http://www.spacemart.com/reports/Laser_radar_illuminates_the_way_to_deep_space_999.html

http://www.esa.int/esaCP/SEMXQLWX7YG_index_0.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_Electronically_Scanned_Array

Лазерный радар освещает путь в глубокий космос

Laser radar illuminates the way to deep space by Staff Writers Paris, France (ESA) Feb 23, 2012 Jena-Optronik prototype lidar, optimised for rendezvous and docking applications. Credits: ESA/Jena-Optronik. This car was not snapped with a camera but scanned by a 3D imaging lidar, the laser equivalent of radar. ESA is developing the sensor as a navigation aid for exploring deep space. Lidar stands for 'light detection and ranging', with a pulsed laser beam scanning targets by measuring the time it takes for the light to bounce back. The wavelength of light is so much shorter than that of radio waves - measured in billionths of a metre rather than centimetres - so lidar gives much more precise measurements. Laser ranging is already used for rendezvous and docking in orbit. When ESA's ATV cargo ferry docks with the International Space Station it bounces laser beams off reflectors on the orbital outpost to judge the distance to within a couple of centimetres. For missions deeper into our Solar System, ESA hopes to use 3D imaging lidar to build up a complete picture of targets such as a boulder-strewn surface. This would be like a stereoscopic imager but it would also work in total darkness or blinding sunlight. "The 3D imaging lidar we've been working on has three main potential applications," explains Joao Pereira Do Carmo, overseeing the project for ESA. "The first is for the guidance, navigation and control of planetary landers, in particular in selecting a safe landing site. "The second is for steering rovers on planetary surfaces, and the third is for docking in planetary orbit. That would be essential for the proposed Mars Sample Return Mission, for example, when the ascent module carrying material off the martian surface will have to be tracked and captured by its mother craft waiting in orbit. "Terrestrial imaging lidars already exist, typically used for scanning buildings or industrial sites, but they are much too bulky for use in space. "The challenge is to produce a new class of imaging lidar, much smaller and needing less power." Reflecting the technical difficulties involved, separate designs were developed in parallel by two consortia, one led by Jena-Optronik in Jena, Germany and the other by ABSL in Culham, UK. The shoebox-sized imaging lidars rely on a steerable scan mirror that flicks the laser beam across the target, with a highly sensitive light detector capable of measuring the returning beams from up to several kilometres away. The two designs aim at different guidance and navigation applications. The German-led unit demonstrates a future rendezvous sensor, while the British-led design is intended to help a lander touch down safely on a planet, detecting and avoiding hazards. The Imaging Lidar Technology project was supported through ESA's Basic Technology Research Programme aimed at prototyping promising new engineering concepts. Building on this progress, a landing lidar is now being designed for ESA's Lunar Lander, planned to touch down at the lunar south pole in 2019. The engineers are also looking at ways of making the lidars even smaller perhaps by using new types of detectors and micro-mechanical optical mirrors. "It is expected that we can reduce the mass and power consumptions of current commercial imaging lidar systems by at least 70%," Joao concludes. Related Links ABSL Power Jena Optronik Space Technology News - Applications and Research

http://www.spacemart.com/reports/Laser_radar_illuminates_the_way_to_deep_space_999.html

http://www.esa.int/esaCP/SEMXQLWX7YG_index_0.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_Electronically_Scanned_Array